窪蹋勛圖厙 researchers examine needs, services for youth with autism and their family caregivers
New research at 窪蹋勛圖厙 found big gaps in services and continued care for children with autismand their familiesas they transition from adolescence to adulthood.
The families need more support, including improved job training, access to services and transportation, according to research from the universitys Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences.
from Northeast Ohio to examine the needs and barriers to services for youth with autismfrom 16 to 30 years oldand their family caregivers.
Examining the issues
Participants were recruited from 28 public and private agencies and organizations. The survey asked about servicesboth received and neededas well as top concerns. Chief among them: limited access to information, reported by 51% of the respondents. Other issues include waiting lists or services not being available (44%), location (39%) and cost (37%).
Researchers also examined the quality of the services provided. They found that often families dont know where to turn for service, or what services exist.
The number one thing we heard from parents was that they werent aware of the services available to them, said Karen Ishler, a senior research associate at the Mandel School and co-director of the project. How do you know what you dont know? Who do they talk to?
David Biegel, the Henry L. Zucker Professor of Social Work Practice at the Mandel School and one of the projects co-directors, said there were some positives learned from the research, too. More than 60% said they see eye-to-eye with their spouse/partner regarding care, and more than 65% of the caregivers reported other positive aspects of care.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects the entire family, said Biegel, Many young people with ASD are at risk for reduced quality of life in adulthood. Additionally, families of adolescents and young adults with ASD face all kinds of stressorsespecially during those critical transition years.
Take, for example, finding a job. Children with autism are allowed to stay in public schools until age 22. When they finish, though, employment training and support dries up, according to the study.
What happens when they age out? Its a growing concern, Ishler said. We have to look at the service delivery, because we know there are many unmet needs.
A growing concern
In 2018, in children, based on an analysis of 2014 medical and educational records of 8-year-old children nationally.
In 2004, one in 166 children nationally were diagnosed with autism; in 2018, that ratio was one in 59.
A lot of these kids diagnosed at 4, 5 and 6 years old are now becoming young adults, Biegel said. Its putting new pressures on them, and particularly their families, as they age out of school-based services.
One caregivers response about his or her daughter summed up the problem: Dont assume that just because she is highly intellectually functioning that she doesnt need support and acceptance socially.
Biegel and Ishler found that 82% of those with autism live with their parents into adulthood. This confirms what we already know: families shoulder the burden of autism, Biegel said. The study found that 28% family members had elevated anxiety and 35% had elevated symptoms of depression.
We tend to emphasize the people who arent doing well, he said. We knew there were going to be issues. But some families are doing just finetheyve figured out how to navigate the system. However, here is also a significant number of families that have major concerns and needs. Our hope is that these results stimulates discussion and awareness.
The study was funded by the International Center for Autism Research and Education (ICARE) through a Mt. Sinai Foundation catalytic grant.
For more information, contact Colin McEwen at colin.mcewen@case.edu.
